To and From places
Note: In also means to when it is used before a country that has a definite article (feminine and plural countries.) Ich fliege in die Schweiz - I'm flying to Switzerland. Ich fliege nach Deutschland - I'm flying to Germany. And when aus is used with feminine or plural countries, the definite article must also be used. Ich bin aus der Schweiz - I am from Switzerland. Ich bin aus Deutschland - I am from Germany.
To Come and to Go
| kommen - to come |
|
gehen - to go |
| komme |
koh-muh |
kommen |
koh-men |
|
gehe |
geh-uh |
gehen |
geh-in |
| kommst |
kohmst |
kommt |
kohmt |
|
gehst |
gehst |
geht |
gate |
| kommt |
kohmt |
kommen |
koh-men |
|
geht |
gate |
gehen |
geh-in |
Modal Verbs
German has 6 of them. They express an attitude about an action or condition described by the main verb. The modal auxiliary is conjugated and placed where the verb should be. The main verb is in the infinitive form and at the end of the sentence.
Ich kann eine Fahrkarte kaufen. ( I can buy a ticket) Kann is the conjugated auxiliary verb and kaufen is the main verb in infinitive form.
| können - to be able to |
|
müssen - to have to |
|
dürfen - to be allowed to |
| kann |
können |
|
muß |
müssen |
|
darf |
dürfen |
| kannst |
könnt |
|
mußt |
müsst |
|
darfst |
dürft |
| kann |
können |
|
muß |
müssen |
|
darf |
dürfen |
Note: Nicht müssen translates to do not have to or do not need to. Nicht dürfen translates to must not. Du mußt es nicht machen is you don't have to do it. Du darfst es nicht machen is you must not (or are not allowed) to do it.
| sollen - to ought to |
|
wollen - to want |
|
mögen - to like |
| soll |
sollen |
|
will |
wollen |
|
mag |
mögen |
| sollst |
sollt |
|
willst |
wollt |
|
magst |
mögt |
| soll |
sollen |
|
will |
wollen |
|
mag |
mögen |
Subjunctive of mögen
| möchte |
möchten |
| möchtest |
möchtet |
| möchte |
möchten |
Note: This subjunctive of mögen expresses would like to and is used more often than the indicative of mögen. Ich möchte eine Fahrkarte kaufen means I would like to buy a ticket.